There are diffrent mobs:

non hostile mobs dont attack you if you hit them.These are:pigs,sheep,chickens,cows,ocelots(cats),horses,villagers.

hostile will attack you in the night:zombie,skeleton,creeper,blaze,ghast,slime,magma cubes,witch,wither skeleton.

boss mobs:wither,ender dragon

both:wolf(can be tamed but if punched will attack with red eyes)

zombie pigman(if you hit one then all the other pigman around will attack you)

Enderman(will attack if you look them in the eye)

Spider(will attack at night but wont at day)